Morrisons says the vast majority of its staff have been affected by the theft of payroll data.
BBC business correspondent Emma Simpson has been told that details of around 100,000 employees have been stolen.
The information, which includes bank account details, has been published online and sent on a disc to a newspaper, according to the firm.
Morrisons said its initial investigation does not point to the work of an outside hacker.
The Bradford-based chain sought to allay shoppers’ fears by saying there had been no loss of customer data.
Morrisons says that staff will be not be “financially disadvantaged” by the data theft.
The company’s response is being led by Chief Executive, Dalton Philips.
He is working with the police and cyber crime authorities to track down the source.
More at BBC News.